// ========================================================================
   // Copyright (c) 2000-2009 Mort Bay Consulting Pty. Ltd.
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // All rights reserved. This program and the accompanying materials
   // are made available under the terms of the Eclipse Public License v1.0
   // and Apache License v2.0 which accompanies this distribution.
   // The Eclipse Public License is available at 
   // http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html
   // The Apache License v2.0 is available at
  // http://www.opensource.org/licenses/apache2.0.php
  // You may elect to redistribute this code under either of these licenses. 
  // ========================================================================
  
  package org.eclipse.jetty.server;
  
  import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
  import java.io.IOException;
  import java.io.InputStream;
  import java.util.Comparator;
  import java.util.SortedSet;
  import java.util.TreeSet;
  import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
  import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
  import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
  import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
  
  import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpContent;
  import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpFields;
  import org.eclipse.jetty.http.MimeTypes;
  import org.eclipse.jetty.io.Buffer;
  import org.eclipse.jetty.io.ByteArrayBuffer;
  import org.eclipse.jetty.io.View;
  import org.eclipse.jetty.io.nio.DirectNIOBuffer;
  import org.eclipse.jetty.io.nio.IndirectNIOBuffer;
  import org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.Log;
  import org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.Logger;
  import org.eclipse.jetty.util.resource.Resource;
  import org.eclipse.jetty.util.resource.ResourceFactory;
  
  
  /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
  /** 
   * 
   */
  public class ResourceCache
  {
      private static final Logger LOG = Log.getLogger(ResourceCache.class);
  
      private final ConcurrentMap<String,Content> _cache;
      private final AtomicInteger _cachedSize;
      private final AtomicInteger _cachedFiles;
      private final ResourceFactory _factory;
      private final ResourceCache _parent;
      private final MimeTypes _mimeTypes;
  
      private boolean  _useFileMappedBuffer=true;
      private int _maxCachedFileSize =4*1024*1024;
      private int _maxCachedFiles=2048;
      private int _maxCacheSize =32*1024*1024;
  
      /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
      public ResourceCache(ResourceCache parent, ResourceFactory factory, MimeTypes mimeTypes,boolean useFileMappedBuffer)
      {
          this(parent,factory,mimeTypes);
          setUseFileMappedBuffer(useFileMappedBuffer);
      }
      
      /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
      /** Constructor.
       * @param mimeTypes Mimetype to use for meta data
       */
      public ResourceCache(ResourceCache parent, ResourceFactory factory, MimeTypes mimeTypes)
      {
          _factory = factory;
          _cache=new ConcurrentHashMap<String,Content>();
          _cachedSize=new AtomicInteger();
          _cachedFiles=new AtomicInteger();
          _mimeTypes=mimeTypes;
          _parent=parent;
      }
  
      /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
      public int getCachedSize()
      {
          return _cachedSize.get();
      }
      
      /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
      public int getCachedFiles()
      {
          return _cachedFiles.get();
      }
      
      /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
      public int getMaxCachedFileSize()
      {
          return _maxCachedFileSize;
      }
  
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     public void setMaxCachedFileSize(int maxCachedFileSize)
     {
         _maxCachedFileSize = maxCachedFileSize;
         shrinkCache();
     }
 
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     public int getMaxCacheSize()
     {
         return _maxCacheSize;
     }
 
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     public void setMaxCacheSize(int maxCacheSize)
     {
         _maxCacheSize = maxCacheSize;
         shrinkCache();
     }
 
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     /**
      * @return Returns the maxCachedFiles.
      */
     public int getMaxCachedFiles()
     {
         return _maxCachedFiles;
     }
     
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     /**
      * @param maxCachedFiles The maxCachedFiles to set.
      */
     public void setMaxCachedFiles(int maxCachedFiles)
     {
         _maxCachedFiles = maxCachedFiles;
         shrinkCache();
     }
 
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     public boolean isUseFileMappedBuffer()
     {
         return _useFileMappedBuffer;
     }
 
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     public void setUseFileMappedBuffer(boolean useFileMappedBuffer)
     {
         _useFileMappedBuffer = useFileMappedBuffer;
     }
 
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     public void flushCache()
     {
         if (_cache!=null)
         {
             while (_cache.size()>0)
             {
                 for (String path : _cache.keySet())
                 {
                     Content content = _cache.remove(path);
                     if (content!=null)
                         content.invalidate();
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     /** Get a Entry from the cache.
      * Get either a valid entry object or create a new one if possible.
      *
      * @param pathInContext The key into the cache
      * @return The entry matching <code>pathInContext</code>, or a new entry 
      * if no matching entry was found. If the content exists but is not cachable, 
      * then a {@link HttpContent.ResourceAsHttpContent} instance is return. If 
      * the resource does not exist, then null is returned.
      * @throws IOException Problem loading the resource
      */
     public HttpContent lookup(String pathInContext)
         throws IOException
     {
         // Is the content in this cache?
         Content content =_cache.get(pathInContext);
         if (content!=null && (content).isValid())
             return content;
        
         // try loading the content from our factory.
         Resource resource=_factory.getResource(pathInContext);
         HttpContent loaded = load(pathInContext,resource);
         if (loaded!=null)
             return loaded;
         
         // Is the content in the parent cache?
         if (_parent!=null)
         {
             HttpContent httpContent=_parent.lookup(pathInContext);
             if (httpContent!=null)
                 return httpContent;
         }
         
         return null;
     }
     
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     /**
      * @param resource
      * @return True if the resource is cacheable. The default implementation tests the cache sizes.
      */
     protected boolean isCacheable(Resource resource)
     {
         long len = resource.length();
 
         // Will it fit in the cache?
         return  (len>0 && len<_maxCachedFileSize && len<_maxCacheSize);
     }
     
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     private HttpContent load(String pathInContext, Resource resource)
         throws IOException
     {
         Content content=null;
         
         if (resource==null || !resource.exists())
             return null;
         
         // Will it fit in the cache?
         if (!resource.isDirectory() && isCacheable(resource))
         {   
             // Create the Content (to increment the cache sizes before adding the content 
             content = new Content(pathInContext,resource);
 
             // reduce the cache to an acceptable size.
             shrinkCache();
 
             // Add it to the cache.
             Content added = _cache.putIfAbsent(pathInContext,content);
             if (added!=null)
             {
                 content.invalidate();
                 content=added;
             }
 
             return content;
         }
         
         return new HttpContent.ResourceAsHttpContent(resource,_mimeTypes.getMimeByExtension(resource.toString()),getMaxCachedFileSize());
         
     }
     
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     private void shrinkCache()
     {
         // While we need to shrink
         while (_cache.size()>0 && (_cachedFiles.get()>_maxCachedFiles || _cachedSize.get()>_maxCacheSize))
         {
             // Scan the entire cache and generate an ordered list by last accessed time.
             SortedSet<Content> sorted= new TreeSet<Content>(
                     new Comparator<Content>()
                     {
                         public int compare(Content c1, Content c2)
                         {
                             if (c1._lastAccessed<c2._lastAccessed)
                                 return -1;
                             
                             if (c1._lastAccessed>c2._lastAccessed)
                                 return 1;
 
                             if (c1._length<c2._length)
                                 return -1;
                             
                             return c1._key.compareTo(c2._key);
                         }
                     });
             for (Content content : _cache.values())
                 sorted.add(content);
             
             // Invalidate least recently used first
             for (Content content : sorted)
             {
                 if (_cachedFiles.get()<=_maxCachedFiles && _cachedSize.get()<=_maxCacheSize)
                     break;
                 if (content==_cache.remove(content.getKey()))
                     content.invalidate();
             }
         }
     }
     
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     protected Buffer getIndirectBuffer(Resource resource)
     {
         try
         {
             int len=(int)resource.length();
             if (len<0)
             {
                 LOG.warn("invalid resource: "+String.valueOf(resource)+" "+len);
                 return null;
             }
             Buffer buffer = new IndirectNIOBuffer(len);
             InputStream is = resource.getInputStream();
             buffer.readFrom(is,len);
             is.close();
             return buffer;
         }
         catch(IOException e)
         {
             LOG.warn(e);
             return null;
         }
     }
 
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     protected Buffer getDirectBuffer(Resource resource)
     {
         try
         {
             if (_useFileMappedBuffer && resource.getFile()!=null) 
                 return new DirectNIOBuffer(resource.getFile());
 
             int len=(int)resource.length();
             if (len<0)
             {
                 LOG.warn("invalid resource: "+String.valueOf(resource)+" "+len);
                 return null;
             }
             Buffer buffer = new DirectNIOBuffer(len);
             InputStream is = resource.getInputStream();
             buffer.readFrom(is,len);
             is.close();
             return buffer;
         }
         catch(IOException e)
         {
             LOG.warn(e);
             return null;
         }
     }
 
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     public String toString()
     {
         return "ResourceCache["+_parent+","+_factory+"]@"+hashCode();
     }
     
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
     /** MetaData associated with a context Resource.
      */
     public class Content implements HttpContent
     {
         final Resource _resource;
         final int _length;
         final String _key;
         final long _lastModified;
         final Buffer _lastModifiedBytes;
         final Buffer _contentType;
         
         volatile long _lastAccessed;
         AtomicReference<Buffer> _indirectBuffer=new AtomicReference<Buffer>();
         AtomicReference<Buffer> _directBuffer=new AtomicReference<Buffer>();
 
         /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
         Content(String pathInContext,Resource resource)
         {
             _key=pathInContext;
             _resource=resource;
 
             _contentType=_mimeTypes.getMimeByExtension(_resource.toString());
             boolean exists=resource.exists();
             _lastModified=exists?resource.lastModified():-1;
             _lastModifiedBytes=_lastModified<0?null:new ByteArrayBuffer(HttpFields.formatDate(_lastModified));
             
             _length=exists?(int)resource.length():0;
             _cachedSize.addAndGet(_length);
             _cachedFiles.incrementAndGet();
             _lastAccessed=System.currentTimeMillis();
         }
 
 
         /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
         public String getKey()
         {
             return _key;
         }
 
         /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
         public boolean isCached()
         {
             return _key!=null;
         }
         
         /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
         public boolean isMiss()
         {
             return false;
         }
 
         /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
         public Resource getResource()
         {
             return _resource;
         }
         
         /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
         boolean isValid()
         {
             if (_lastModified==_resource.lastModified())
             {
                 _lastAccessed=System.currentTimeMillis();
                 return true;
             }
 
             if (this==_cache.remove(_key))
                 invalidate();
             return false;
         }
 
         /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
         protected void invalidate()
         {
             // Invalidate it
             _cachedSize.addAndGet(-_length);
             _cachedFiles.decrementAndGet();
             _resource.release(); 
         }
 
         /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
         public Buffer getLastModified()
         {
             return _lastModifiedBytes;
         }
 
         /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
         public Buffer getContentType()
         {
             return _contentType;
         }
 
         /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
         public void release()
         {
             // don't release while cached. Release when invalidated.
         }
 
         /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
         public Buffer getIndirectBuffer()
         {
             Buffer buffer = _indirectBuffer.get();
             if (buffer==null)
             {
                 Buffer buffer2=ResourceCache.this.getIndirectBuffer(_resource);
                 
                 if (buffer2==null)
                     LOG.warn("Could not load "+this);
                 else if (_indirectBuffer.compareAndSet(null,buffer2))
                     buffer=buffer2;
                 else
                     buffer=_indirectBuffer.get();
             }
             if (buffer==null)
                 return null;
             return new View(buffer);
         }
         
 
         /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
         public Buffer getDirectBuffer()
         {
             Buffer buffer = _directBuffer.get();
             if (buffer==null)
             {
                 Buffer buffer2=ResourceCache.this.getDirectBuffer(_resource);
 
                 if (buffer2==null)
                     LOG.warn("Could not load "+this);
                 else if (_directBuffer.compareAndSet(null,buffer2))
                     buffer=buffer2;
                 else
                     buffer=_directBuffer.get();
             }
             if (buffer==null)
                 return null;
                         
             return new View(buffer);
         }
         
         /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
         public long getContentLength()
         {
             return _length;
         }
 
         /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
         public InputStream getInputStream() throws IOException
         {
             Buffer indirect = getIndirectBuffer();
             if (indirect!=null && indirect.array()!=null)
                 return new ByteArrayInputStream(indirect.array(),indirect.getIndex(),indirect.length());
            
             return _resource.getInputStream();
         }   
 
         /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
         @Override
         public String toString()
         {
             return String.format("%s %s %d %s %s",_resource,_resource.exists(),_resource.lastModified(),_contentType,_lastModifiedBytes);
         }   
     }
 }