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1   //
2   //  ========================================================================
3   //  Copyright (c) 1995-2015 Mort Bay Consulting Pty. Ltd.
4   //  ------------------------------------------------------------------------
5   //  All rights reserved. This program and the accompanying materials
6   //  are made available under the terms of the Eclipse Public License v1.0
7   //  and Apache License v2.0 which accompanies this distribution.
8   //
9   //      The Eclipse Public License is available at
10  //      http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html
11  //
12  //      The Apache License v2.0 is available at
13  //      http://www.opensource.org/licenses/apache2.0.php
14  //
15  //  You may elect to redistribute this code under either of these licenses.
16  //  ========================================================================
17  //
18  
19  package org.eclipse.jetty.servlets;
20  
21  import java.io.File;
22  import java.io.IOException;
23  import java.io.InputStream;
24  import java.io.OutputStream;
25  import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
26  import java.io.Writer;
27  import java.nio.charset.Charset;
28  import java.util.Enumeration;
29  import java.util.HashMap;
30  import java.util.Locale;
31  import java.util.Map;
32  
33  import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
34  import javax.servlet.ServletException;
35  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
36  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
37  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
38  
39  import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpMethod;
40  import org.eclipse.jetty.util.IO;
41  import org.eclipse.jetty.util.MultiMap;
42  import org.eclipse.jetty.util.StringUtil;
43  import org.eclipse.jetty.util.UrlEncoded;
44  import org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.Log;
45  import org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.Logger;
46  
47  /**
48   * CGI Servlet.
49   * <p>
50   * The following init parameters are used to configure this servlet:
51   * <dl>
52   * <dt>cgibinResourceBase</dt>
53   * <dd>Path to the cgi bin directory if set or it will default to the resource base of the context.</dd>
54   * <dt>resourceBase</dt>
55   * <dd>An alias for cgibinResourceBase.</dd>
56   * <dt>cgibinResourceBaseIsRelative</dt>
57   * <dd>If true then cgibinResourceBase is relative to the webapp (eg "WEB-INF/cgi")</dd>
58   * <dt>commandPrefix</dt>
59   * <dd>may be used to set a prefix to all commands passed to exec. This can be used on systems that need assistance to execute a
60   * particular file type. For example on windows this can be set to "perl" so that perl scripts are executed.</dd>
61   * <dt>Path</dt>
62   * <dd>passed to the exec environment as PATH.</dd>
63   * <dt>ENV_*</dt>
64   * <dd>used to set an arbitrary environment variable with the name stripped of the leading ENV_ and using the init parameter value</dd>
65   * <dt>useFullPath</dt>
66   * <dd>If true, the full URI path within the context is used for the exec command, otherwise a search is done for a partial URL that matches an exec Command</dd>
67   * <dt>ignoreExitState</dt>
68   * <dd>If true then do not act on a non-zero exec exit status")</dd>
69   * </dl>
70   */
71  public class CGI extends HttpServlet
72  {
73      private static final long serialVersionUID = -6182088932884791074L;
74  
75      private static final Logger LOG = Log.getLogger(CGI.class);
76  
77      private boolean _ok;
78      private File _docRoot;
79      private boolean _cgiBinProvided;
80      private String _path;
81      private String _cmdPrefix;
82      private boolean _useFullPath;
83      private EnvList _env;
84      private boolean _ignoreExitState;
85      private boolean _relative;
86  
87      /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
88      @Override
89      public void init() throws ServletException
90      {
91          _env = new EnvList();
92          _cmdPrefix = getInitParameter("commandPrefix");
93          _useFullPath = Boolean.parseBoolean(getInitParameter("useFullPath"));
94          _relative = Boolean.parseBoolean(getInitParameter("cgibinResourceBaseIsRelative"));
95  
96          String tmp = getInitParameter("cgibinResourceBase");
97          if (tmp != null)
98              _cgiBinProvided = true;
99          else
100         {
101             tmp = getInitParameter("resourceBase");
102             if (tmp != null)
103                 _cgiBinProvided = true;
104             else
105                 tmp = getServletContext().getRealPath("/");
106         }
107 
108         if (_relative && _cgiBinProvided)
109         {
110             tmp = getServletContext().getRealPath(tmp);
111         }
112 
113         if (tmp == null)
114         {
115             LOG.warn("CGI: no CGI bin !");
116             return;
117         }
118 
119         File dir = new File(tmp);
120         if (!dir.exists())
121         {
122             LOG.warn("CGI: CGI bin does not exist - " + dir);
123             return;
124         }
125 
126         if (!dir.canRead())
127         {
128             LOG.warn("CGI: CGI bin is not readable - " + dir);
129             return;
130         }
131 
132         if (!dir.isDirectory())
133         {
134             LOG.warn("CGI: CGI bin is not a directory - " + dir);
135             return;
136         }
137 
138         try
139         {
140             _docRoot = dir.getCanonicalFile();
141         }
142         catch (IOException e)
143         {
144             LOG.warn("CGI: CGI bin failed - " + dir,e);
145             return;
146         }
147 
148         _path = getInitParameter("Path");
149         if (_path != null)
150             _env.set("PATH",_path);
151 
152         _ignoreExitState = "true".equalsIgnoreCase(getInitParameter("ignoreExitState"));
153         Enumeration<String> e = getInitParameterNames();
154         while (e.hasMoreElements())
155         {
156             String n = e.nextElement();
157             if (n != null && n.startsWith("ENV_"))
158                 _env.set(n.substring(4),getInitParameter(n));
159         }
160         if (!_env.envMap.containsKey("SystemRoot"))
161         {
162             String os = System.getProperty("os.name");
163             if (os != null && os.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH).indexOf("windows") != -1)
164             {
165                 _env.set("SystemRoot","C:\\WINDOWS");
166             }
167         }
168 
169         _ok = true;
170     }
171 
172     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
173     @Override
174     public void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException
175     {
176         if (!_ok)
177         {
178             res.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE);
179             return;
180         }
181 
182         if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
183         {
184             LOG.debug("CGI: ContextPath : " + req.getContextPath());
185             LOG.debug("CGI: ServletPath : " + req.getServletPath());
186             LOG.debug("CGI: PathInfo    : " + req.getPathInfo());
187             LOG.debug("CGI: _docRoot    : " + _docRoot);
188             LOG.debug("CGI: _path       : " + _path);
189             LOG.debug("CGI: _ignoreExitState: " + _ignoreExitState);
190         }
191 
192         // pathInContext may actually comprises scriptName/pathInfo...We will
193         // walk backwards up it until we find the script - the rest must
194         // be the pathInfo;
195         String pathInContext = (_relative ? "" : StringUtil.nonNull(req.getServletPath())) + StringUtil.nonNull(req.getPathInfo());
196         File execCmd = new File(_docRoot, pathInContext);
197         String pathInfo = pathInContext;
198 
199         if(!_useFullPath)
200         {
201             String path = pathInContext;
202             String info = "";
203 
204             // Search docroot for a matching execCmd
205             while ((path.endsWith("/") || !execCmd.exists()) && path.length() >= 0)
206             {
207                 int index = path.lastIndexOf('/');
208                 path = path.substring(0,index);
209                 info = pathInContext.substring(index,pathInContext.length());
210                 execCmd = new File(_docRoot,path);
211             }
212     
213             if (path.length() == 0 || !execCmd.exists() || execCmd.isDirectory() || !execCmd.getCanonicalPath().equals(execCmd.getAbsolutePath()))
214             {
215                 res.sendError(404);
216             }
217             
218             pathInfo = info;
219         }
220         exec(execCmd,pathInfo,req,res);
221     }
222 
223     /** executes the CGI process
224     /*
225      * @param command the command to execute, this command is prefixed by
226      *  the context parameter "commandPrefix".
227      * @param pathInfo The PATH_INFO to process,
228      *  see http://docs.oracle.com/javaee/6/api/javax/servlet/http/HttpServletRequest.html#getPathInfo%28%29. Cannot be null
229      * @param req
230      * @param res
231      * @exception IOException
232      */
233     private void exec(File command, String pathInfo, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws IOException
234     {
235         assert req != null;
236         assert res != null;
237         assert pathInfo != null;
238         assert command != null;
239 
240         if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
241         {
242             LOG.debug("CGI: script is " + command);
243             LOG.debug("CGI: pathInfo is " + pathInfo);
244         }
245 
246         String bodyFormEncoded = null;
247         if ((HttpMethod.POST.equals(req.getMethod()) || HttpMethod.PUT.equals(req.getMethod())) && "application/x-www-form-urlencoded".equals(req.getContentType()))
248         {
249             MultiMap<String> parameterMap = new MultiMap<String>();
250             Enumeration<String> names = req.getParameterNames();
251             while (names.hasMoreElements())
252             {
253                 String parameterName = names.nextElement();
254                 parameterMap.addValues(parameterName, req.getParameterValues(parameterName));
255             }
256             bodyFormEncoded = UrlEncoded.encode(parameterMap, Charset.forName(req.getCharacterEncoding()), true);
257         }
258 
259         EnvList env = new EnvList(_env);
260         // these ones are from "The WWW Common Gateway Interface Version 1.1"
261         // look at :
262         // http://Web.Golux.Com/coar/cgi/draft-coar-cgi-v11-03-clean.html#6.1.1
263         env.set("AUTH_TYPE", req.getAuthType());
264 
265         int contentLen = req.getContentLength();
266         if (contentLen < 0)
267             contentLen = 0;
268         if (bodyFormEncoded != null)
269         {
270             env.set("CONTENT_LENGTH", Integer.toString(bodyFormEncoded.length()));
271         }
272         else
273         {
274             env.set("CONTENT_LENGTH", Integer.toString(contentLen));
275         }
276         env.set("CONTENT_TYPE", req.getContentType());
277         env.set("GATEWAY_INTERFACE", "CGI/1.1");
278         if (pathInfo.length() > 0)
279         {
280             env.set("PATH_INFO", pathInfo);
281         }
282 
283         String pathTranslated = req.getPathTranslated();
284         if ((pathTranslated == null) || (pathTranslated.length() == 0))
285             pathTranslated = pathInfo;
286         env.set("PATH_TRANSLATED", pathTranslated);
287         env.set("QUERY_STRING", req.getQueryString());
288         env.set("REMOTE_ADDR", req.getRemoteAddr());
289         env.set("REMOTE_HOST", req.getRemoteHost());
290 
291         // The identity information reported about the connection by a
292         // RFC 1413 [11] request to the remote agent, if
293         // available. Servers MAY choose not to support this feature, or
294         // not to request the data for efficiency reasons.
295         // "REMOTE_IDENT" => "NYI"
296         env.set("REMOTE_USER", req.getRemoteUser());
297         env.set("REQUEST_METHOD", req.getMethod());
298 
299         String scriptPath;
300         String scriptName;
301         // use docRoot for scriptPath, too
302         if(_cgiBinProvided) 
303         {
304             scriptPath = command.getAbsolutePath();
305             scriptName = scriptPath.substring(_docRoot.getAbsolutePath().length());
306         } 
307         else 
308         {
309             String requestURI = req.getRequestURI();
310             scriptName = requestURI.substring(0,requestURI.length() - pathInfo.length());
311             scriptPath = getServletContext().getRealPath(scriptName);
312         }
313         env.set("SCRIPT_FILENAME", scriptPath);
314         env.set("SCRIPT_NAME", scriptName);
315 
316         env.set("SERVER_NAME", req.getServerName());
317         env.set("SERVER_PORT", Integer.toString(req.getServerPort()));
318         env.set("SERVER_PROTOCOL", req.getProtocol());
319         env.set("SERVER_SOFTWARE", getServletContext().getServerInfo());
320 
321         Enumeration<String> enm = req.getHeaderNames();
322         while (enm.hasMoreElements())
323         {
324             String name = enm.nextElement();
325             String value = req.getHeader(name);
326             env.set("HTTP_" + name.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH).replace('-','_'),value);
327         }
328 
329         // these extra ones were from printenv on www.dev.nomura.co.uk
330         env.set("HTTPS", (req.isSecure()?"ON":"OFF"));
331         // "DOCUMENT_ROOT" => root + "/docs",
332         // "SERVER_URL" => "NYI - http://us0245",
333         // "TZ" => System.getProperty("user.timezone"),
334 
335         // are we meant to decode args here? or does the script get them
336         // via PATH_INFO? if we are, they should be decoded and passed
337         // into exec here...
338         String absolutePath = command.getAbsolutePath();
339         String execCmd = absolutePath;
340 
341         // escape the execCommand
342         if (execCmd.length() > 0 && execCmd.charAt(0) != '"' && execCmd.indexOf(" ") >= 0)
343             execCmd = "\"" + execCmd + "\"";
344 
345         if (_cmdPrefix != null)
346             execCmd = _cmdPrefix + " " + execCmd;
347 
348         assert execCmd != null;
349         LOG.debug("Environment: " + env.getExportString());
350         LOG.debug("Command: " + execCmd);
351 
352         final Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(execCmd, env.getEnvArray(), _docRoot);
353 
354         // hook processes input to browser's output (async)
355         if (bodyFormEncoded != null)
356             writeProcessInput(p, bodyFormEncoded);
357         else if (contentLen > 0)
358             writeProcessInput(p, req.getInputStream(), contentLen);
359 
360         // hook processes output to browser's input (sync)
361         // if browser closes stream, we should detect it and kill process...
362         OutputStream os = null;
363         AsyncContext async=req.startAsync();
364         try
365         {
366             async.start(new Runnable()
367             {
368                 @Override
369                 public void run()
370                 {
371                     try
372                     {
373                         IO.copy(p.getErrorStream(), System.err);
374                     }
375                     catch (IOException e)
376                     {
377                         LOG.warn(e);
378                     }
379                 }
380             });
381 
382             // read any headers off the top of our input stream
383             // NOTE: Multiline header items not supported!
384             String line = null;
385             InputStream inFromCgi = p.getInputStream();
386 
387             // br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inFromCgi));
388             // while ((line=br.readLine())!=null)
389             while ((line = getTextLineFromStream(inFromCgi)).length() > 0)
390             {
391                 if (!line.startsWith("HTTP"))
392                 {
393                     int k = line.indexOf(':');
394                     if (k > 0)
395                     {
396                         String key = line.substring(0,k).trim();
397                         String value = line.substring(k + 1).trim();
398                         if ("Location".equals(key))
399                         {
400                             res.sendRedirect(res.encodeRedirectURL(value));
401                         }
402                         else if ("Status".equals(key))
403                         {
404                             String[] token = value.split(" ");
405                             int status = Integer.parseInt(token[0]);
406                             res.setStatus(status);
407                         }
408                         else
409                         {
410                             // add remaining header items to our response header
411                             res.addHeader(key,value);
412                         }
413                     }
414                 }
415             }
416             // copy cgi content to response stream...
417             os = res.getOutputStream();
418             IO.copy(inFromCgi,os);
419             p.waitFor();
420 
421             if (!_ignoreExitState)
422             {
423                 int exitValue = p.exitValue();
424                 if (0 != exitValue)
425                 {
426                     LOG.warn("Non-zero exit status (" + exitValue + ") from CGI program: " + absolutePath);
427                     if (!res.isCommitted())
428                         res.sendError(500,"Failed to exec CGI");
429                 }
430             }
431         }
432         catch (IOException e)
433         {
434             // browser has probably closed its input stream - we
435             // terminate and clean up...
436             LOG.debug("CGI: Client closed connection!", e);
437         }
438         catch (InterruptedException ie)
439         {
440             LOG.debug("CGI: interrupted!");
441         }
442         finally
443         {
444             if (os != null)
445             {
446                 try
447                 {
448                     os.close();
449                 }
450                 catch (Exception e)
451                 {
452                     LOG.debug(e);
453                 }
454             }
455             p.destroy();
456             // LOG.debug("CGI: terminated!");
457             async.complete();
458         }
459     }
460 
461     private static void writeProcessInput(final Process p, final String input)
462     {
463         new Thread(new Runnable()
464         {
465             @Override
466             public void run()
467             {
468                 try
469                 {
470                     try (Writer outToCgi = new OutputStreamWriter(p.getOutputStream()))
471                     {
472                         outToCgi.write(input);
473                     }
474                 }
475                 catch (IOException e)
476                 {
477                     LOG.debug(e);
478                 }
479             }
480         }).start();
481     }
482 
483     private static void writeProcessInput(final Process p, final InputStream input, final int len)
484     {
485         if (len <= 0) return;
486 
487         new Thread(new Runnable()
488         {
489             @Override
490             public void run()
491             {
492                 try
493                 {
494                     OutputStream outToCgi = p.getOutputStream();
495                     IO.copy(input, outToCgi, len);
496                     outToCgi.close();
497                 }
498                 catch (IOException e)
499                 {
500                     LOG.debug(e);
501                 }
502             }
503         }).start();
504     }
505 
506     /**
507      * Utility method to get a line of text from the input stream.
508      *
509      * @param is
510      *            the input stream
511      * @return the line of text
512      * @throws IOException
513      */
514     private static String getTextLineFromStream(InputStream is) throws IOException
515     {
516         StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
517         int b;
518 
519         while ((b = is.read()) != -1 && b != '\n')
520         {
521             buffer.append((char)b);
522         }
523         return buffer.toString().trim();
524     }
525 
526     /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
527     /**
528      * private utility class that manages the Environment passed to exec.
529      */
530     private static class EnvList
531     {
532         private Map<String, String> envMap;
533 
534         EnvList()
535         {
536             envMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
537         }
538 
539         EnvList(EnvList l)
540         {
541             envMap = new HashMap<String,String>(l.envMap);
542         }
543 
544         /**
545          * Set a name/value pair, null values will be treated as an empty String
546          * @param name the name
547          * @param value the value
548          */
549         public void set(String name, String value)
550         {
551             envMap.put(name,name + "=" + StringUtil.nonNull(value));
552         }
553 
554         /** 
555          * Get representation suitable for passing to exec. 
556          * @return the env map as an array 
557          */
558         public String[] getEnvArray()
559         {
560             return envMap.values().toArray(new String[envMap.size()]);
561         }
562 
563         public String getExportString()
564         {
565             StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
566             for (String variable : getEnvArray())
567             {
568                 sb.append("export \"");
569                 sb.append(variable);
570                 sb.append("\"; ");
571             }
572             return sb.toString();
573         }
574 
575         @Override
576         public String toString()
577         {
578             return envMap.toString();
579         }
580     }
581 }