/*
    * Copyright (C) 2009, Google Inc.
    * and other copyright owners as documented in the project's IP log.
    *
    * This program and the accompanying materials are made available
    * under the terms of the Eclipse Distribution License v1.0 which
    * accompanies this distribution, is reproduced below, and is
    * available at http://www.eclipse.org/org/documents/edl-v10.php
    *
   * All rights reserved.
   *
   * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
   * without modification, are permitted provided that the following
   * conditions are met:
   *
   * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   *
   * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
   *   copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
   *   disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
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   *
   * - Neither the name of the Eclipse Foundation, Inc. nor the
   *   names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote
   *   products derived from this software without specific prior
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   * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND
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   * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
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   * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
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  package org.eclipse.jgit.util.io;
  
  import java.text.MessageFormat;
  
  import org.eclipse.jgit.internal.JGitText;
  
  /**
   * Triggers an interrupt on the calling thread if it doesn't complete a block.
   * <p>
   * Classes can use this to trip an alarm interrupting the calling thread if it
   * doesn't complete a block within the specified timeout. Typical calling
   * pattern is:
   *
   * <pre>
   * private InterruptTimer myTimer = ...;
   * void foo() {
   *   try {
   *     myTimer.begin(timeout);
   *     // work
   *   } finally {
   *     myTimer.end();
   *   }
   * }
   * </pre>
   * <p>
   * An InterruptTimer is not recursive. To implement recursive timers,
   * independent InterruptTimer instances are required. A single InterruptTimer
   * may be shared between objects which won't recursively call each other.
   * <p>
   * Each InterruptTimer spawns one background thread to sleep the specified time
   * and interrupt the thread which called {@link #begin(int)}. It is up to the
   * caller to ensure that the operations within the work block between the
   * matched begin and end calls tests the interrupt flag (most IO operations do).
   * <p>
   * To terminate the background thread, use {@link #terminate()}. If the
   * application fails to terminate the thread, it will (eventually) terminate
   * itself when the InterruptTimer instance is garbage collected.
   *
   * @see TimeoutInputStream
   */
  public final class InterruptTimer {
  	private final AlarmState state;
  
  	private final AlarmThread thread;
  
  	final AutoKiller autoKiller;
  
  	/**
  	 * Create a new timer with a default thread name.
  	 */
  	public InterruptTimer() {
  		this("JGit-InterruptTimer"); //$NON-NLS-1$
  	}
  
  	/**
  	 * Create a new timer to signal on interrupt on the caller.
 	 * <p>
 	 * The timer thread is created in the calling thread's ThreadGroup.
 	 *
 	 * @param threadName
 	 *            name of the timer thread.
 	 */
 	public InterruptTimer(String threadName) {
 		state = new AlarmState();
 		autoKiller = new AutoKiller(state);
 		thread = new AlarmThread(threadName, state);
 		thread.start();
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Arm the interrupt timer before entering a blocking operation.
 	 *
 	 * @param timeout
 	 *            number of milliseconds before the interrupt should trigger.
 	 *            Must be &gt; 0.
 	 */
 	public void begin(int timeout) {
 		if (timeout <= 0)
 			throw new IllegalArgumentException(MessageFormat.format(
 					JGitText.get().invalidTimeout, Integer.valueOf(timeout)));
 		Thread.interrupted();
 		state.begin(timeout);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Disable the interrupt timer, as the operation is complete.
 	 */
 	public void end() {
 		state.end();
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Shutdown the timer thread, and wait for it to terminate.
 	 */
 	public void terminate() {
 		state.terminate();
 		try {
 			thread.join();
 		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
 			//
 		}
 	}
 
 	static final class AlarmThread extends Thread {
 		AlarmThread(String name, AlarmState q) {
 			super(q);
 			setName(name);
 			setDaemon(true);
 		}
 	}
 
 	// The trick here is, the AlarmThread does not have a reference to the
 	// AutoKiller instance, only the InterruptTimer itself does. Thus when
 	// the InterruptTimer is GC'd, the AutoKiller is also unreachable and
 	// can be GC'd. When it gets finalized, it tells the AlarmThread to
 	// terminate, triggering the thread to exit gracefully.
 	//
 	private static final class AutoKiller {
 		private final AlarmState state;
 
 		AutoKiller(AlarmState s) {
 			state = s;
 		}
 
 		@Override
 		protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
 			state.terminate();
 		}
 	}
 
 	static final class AlarmState implements Runnable {
 		private Thread callingThread;
 
 		private long deadline;
 
 		private boolean terminated;
 
 		AlarmState() {
 			callingThread = Thread.currentThread();
 		}
 
 		@Override
 		public synchronized void run() {
 			while (!terminated && callingThread.isAlive()) {
 				try {
 					if (0 < deadline) {
 						final long delay = deadline - now();
 						if (delay <= 0) {
 							deadline = 0;
 							callingThread.interrupt();
 						} else {
 							wait(delay);
 						}
 					} else {
 						wait(1000);
 					}
 				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
 					// Treat an interrupt as notice to examine state.
 				}
 			}
 		}
 
 		synchronized void begin(int timeout) {
 			if (terminated)
 				throw new IllegalStateException(JGitText.get().timerAlreadyTerminated);
 			callingThread = Thread.currentThread();
 			deadline = now() + timeout;
 			notifyAll();
 		}
 
 		synchronized void end() {
 			if (0 == deadline)
 				Thread.interrupted();
 			else
 				deadline = 0;
 			notifyAll();
 		}
 
 		synchronized void terminate() {
 			if (!terminated) {
 				deadline = 0;
 				terminated = true;
 				notifyAll();
 			}
 		}
 
 		private static long now() {
 			return System.currentTimeMillis();
 		}
 	}
 }