/*
    * Copyright (C) 2017, Google Inc.
    * and other copyright owners as documented in the project's IP log.
    *
    * This program and the accompanying materials are made available
    * under the terms of the Eclipse Distribution License v1.0 which
    * accompanies this distribution, is reproduced below, and is
    * available at http://www.eclipse.org/org/documents/edl-v10.php
    *
   * All rights reserved.
   *
   * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
   * without modification, are permitted provided that the following
   * conditions are met:
   *
   * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   *
   * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
   *   copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
   *   disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
   *   with the distribution.
   *
   * - Neither the name of the Eclipse Foundation, Inc. nor the
   *   names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote
   *   products derived from this software without specific prior
   *   written permission.
   *
   * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND
   * CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
   * INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
   * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
   * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
   * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
   * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
   * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
   * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
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   * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
   * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
   */
  
  package org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable;
  
  import static java.lang.Math.log;
  import static org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.BlockWriter.padBetweenBlocks;
  import static org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.ReftableConstants.FILE_FOOTER_LEN;
  import static org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.ReftableConstants.FILE_HEADER_LEN;
  import static org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.ReftableConstants.FILE_HEADER_MAGIC;
  import static org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.ReftableConstants.INDEX_BLOCK_TYPE;
  import static org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.ReftableConstants.LOG_BLOCK_TYPE;
  import static org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.ReftableConstants.MAX_BLOCK_SIZE;
  import static org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.ReftableConstants.MAX_RESTARTS;
  import static org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.ReftableConstants.OBJ_BLOCK_TYPE;
  import static org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.ReftableConstants.REF_BLOCK_TYPE;
  import static org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.ReftableConstants.VERSION_1;
  import static org.eclipse.jgit.lib.Constants.OBJECT_ID_LENGTH;
  
  import java.io.IOException;
  import java.io.OutputStream;
  import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.Collection;
  import java.util.Collections;
  import java.util.HashSet;
  import java.util.Iterator;
  import java.util.List;
  import java.util.Set;
  import java.util.zip.CRC32;
  
  import org.eclipse.jgit.annotations.Nullable;
  import org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.BlockWriter.DeleteLogEntry;
  import org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.BlockWriter.Entry;
  import org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.BlockWriter.IndexEntry;
  import org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.BlockWriter.LogEntry;
  import org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.BlockWriter.ObjEntry;
  import org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.BlockWriter.RefEntry;
  import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.AbbreviatedObjectId;
  import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.AnyObjectId;
  import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.ObjectId;
  import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.ObjectIdOwnerMap;
  import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.ObjectIdSubclassMap;
  import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.PersonIdent;
  import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.Ref;
  import org.eclipse.jgit.util.LongList;
  import org.eclipse.jgit.util.NB;
  
  /**
   * Writes a reftable formatted file.
   * <p>
   * A reftable can be written in a streaming fashion, provided the caller sorts
   * all references. A
   * {@link org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.ReftableWriter} is
   * single-use, and not thread-safe.
   */
  public class ReftableWriter {
  	private ReftableConfig config;
  	private int refBlockSize;
  	private int logBlockSize;
 	private int restartInterval;
 	private int maxIndexLevels;
 	private boolean alignBlocks;
 	private boolean indexObjects;
 
 	private long minUpdateIndex;
 	private long maxUpdateIndex;
 
 	private ReftableOutputStream out;
 	private ObjectIdSubclassMap<RefList> obj2ref;
 
 	private BlockWriter cur;
 	private Section refs;
 	private Section objs;
 	private Section logs;
 	private int objIdLen;
 	private Stats stats;
 
 	/**
 	 * Initialize a writer with a default configuration.
 	 */
 	public ReftableWriter() {
 		this(new ReftableConfig());
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Initialize a writer with a specific configuration.
 	 *
 	 * @param cfg
 	 *            configuration for the writer.
 	 */
 	public ReftableWriter(ReftableConfig cfg) {
 		config = cfg;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Set configuration for the writer.
 	 *
 	 * @param cfg
 	 *            configuration for the writer.
 	 * @return {@code this}
 	 */
 	public ReftableWriter setConfig(ReftableConfig cfg) {
 		this.config = cfg != null ? cfg : new ReftableConfig();
 		return this;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Set the minimum update index for log entries that appear in this
 	 * reftable.
 	 *
 	 * @param min
 	 *            the minimum update index for log entries that appear in this
 	 *            reftable. This should be 1 higher than the prior reftable's
 	 *            {@code maxUpdateIndex} if this table will be used in a stack.
 	 * @return {@code this}
 	 */
 	public ReftableWriter setMinUpdateIndex(long min) {
 		minUpdateIndex = min;
 		return this;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Set the maximum update index for log entries that appear in this
 	 * reftable.
 	 *
 	 * @param max
 	 *            the maximum update index for log entries that appear in this
 	 *            reftable. This should be at least 1 higher than the prior
 	 *            reftable's {@code maxUpdateIndex} if this table will be used
 	 *            in a stack.
 	 * @return {@code this}
 	 */
 	public ReftableWriter setMaxUpdateIndex(long max) {
 		maxUpdateIndex = max;
 		return this;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Begin writing the reftable.
 	 *
 	 * @param os
 	 *            stream to write the table to. Caller is responsible for
 	 *            closing the stream after invoking {@link #finish()}.
 	 * @return {@code this}
 	 * @throws java.io.IOException
 	 *             if reftable header cannot be written.
 	 */
 	public ReftableWriter begin(OutputStream os) throws IOException {
 		refBlockSize = config.getRefBlockSize();
 		logBlockSize = config.getLogBlockSize();
 		restartInterval = config.getRestartInterval();
 		maxIndexLevels = config.getMaxIndexLevels();
 		alignBlocks = config.isAlignBlocks();
 		indexObjects = config.isIndexObjects();
 
 		if (refBlockSize <= 0) {
 			refBlockSize = 4 << 10;
 		} else if (refBlockSize > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE) {
 			throw new IllegalArgumentException();
 		}
 		if (logBlockSize <= 0) {
 			logBlockSize = 2 * refBlockSize;
 		}
 		if (restartInterval <= 0) {
 			restartInterval = refBlockSize < (60 << 10) ? 16 : 64;
 		}
 
 		out = new ReftableOutputStream(os, refBlockSize, alignBlocks);
 		refs = new Section(REF_BLOCK_TYPE);
 		if (indexObjects) {
 			obj2ref = new ObjectIdSubclassMap<>();
 		}
 		writeFileHeader();
 		return this;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Sort a collection of references and write them to the reftable.
 	 *
 	 * @param refsToPack
 	 *            references to sort and write.
 	 * @return {@code this}
 	 * @throws java.io.IOException
 	 *             if reftable cannot be written.
 	 */
 	public ReftableWriter sortAndWriteRefs(Collection<Ref> refsToPack)
 			throws IOException {
 		Iterator<RefEntry> itr = refsToPack.stream()
 				.map(r -> new RefEntry(r, maxUpdateIndex - minUpdateIndex))
 				.sorted(Entry::compare)
 				.iterator();
 		while (itr.hasNext()) {
 			RefEntry entry = itr.next();
 			long blockPos = refs.write(entry);
 			indexRef(entry.ref, blockPos);
 		}
 		return this;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Write one reference to the reftable.
 	 * <p>
 	 * References must be passed in sorted order.
 	 *
 	 * @param ref
 	 *            the reference to store.
 	 * @throws java.io.IOException
 	 *             if reftable cannot be written.
 	 */
 	public void writeRef(Ref ref) throws IOException {
 		writeRef(ref, maxUpdateIndex);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Write one reference to the reftable.
 	 * <p>
 	 * References must be passed in sorted order.
 	 *
 	 * @param ref
 	 *            the reference to store.
 	 * @param updateIndex
 	 *            the updateIndex that modified this reference. Must be
 	 *            {@code >= minUpdateIndex} for this file.
 	 * @throws java.io.IOException
 	 *             if reftable cannot be written.
 	 */
 	public void writeRef(Ref ref, long updateIndex) throws IOException {
 		if (updateIndex < minUpdateIndex) {
 			throw new IllegalArgumentException();
 		}
 		long d = updateIndex - minUpdateIndex;
 		long blockPos = refs.write(new RefEntry(ref, d));
 		indexRef(ref, blockPos);
 	}
 
 	private void indexRef(Ref ref, long blockPos) {
 		if (indexObjects && !ref.isSymbolic()) {
 			indexId(ref.getObjectId(), blockPos);
 			indexId(ref.getPeeledObjectId(), blockPos);
 		}
 	}
 
 	private void indexId(ObjectId id, long blockPos) {
 		if (id != null) {
 			RefList l = obj2ref.get(id);
 			if (l == null) {
 				l = new RefList(id);
 				obj2ref.add(l);
 			}
 			l.addBlock(blockPos);
 		}
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Write one reflog entry to the reftable.
 	 * <p>
 	 * Reflog entries must be written in reference name and descending
 	 * {@code updateIndex} (highest first) order.
 	 *
 	 * @param ref
 	 *            name of the reference.
 	 * @param updateIndex
 	 *            identifier of the transaction that created the log record. The
 	 *            {@code updateIndex} must be unique within the scope of
 	 *            {@code ref}, and must be within the bounds defined by
 	 *            {@code minUpdateIndex <= updateIndex <= maxUpdateIndex}.
 	 * @param who
 	 *            committer of the reflog entry.
 	 * @param oldId
 	 *            prior id; pass {@link org.eclipse.jgit.lib.ObjectId#zeroId()}
 	 *            for creations.
 	 * @param newId
 	 *            new id; pass {@link org.eclipse.jgit.lib.ObjectId#zeroId()}
 	 *            for deletions.
 	 * @param message
 	 *            optional message (may be null).
 	 * @throws java.io.IOException
 	 *             if reftable cannot be written.
 	 */
 	public void writeLog(String ref, long updateIndex, PersonIdent who,
 			ObjectId oldId, ObjectId newId, @Nullable String message)
 					throws IOException {
 		String msg = message != null ? message : ""; //$NON-NLS-1$
 		beginLog();
 		logs.write(new LogEntry(ref, updateIndex, who, oldId, newId, msg));
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Record deletion of one reflog entry in this reftable.
 	 *
 	 * <p>
 	 * The deletion can shadow an entry stored in a lower table in the stack.
 	 * This is useful for {@code refs/stash} and dropping an entry from its
 	 * reflog.
 	 * <p>
 	 * Deletion must be properly interleaved in sorted updateIndex order with
 	 * any other logs written by
 	 * {@link #writeLog(String, long, PersonIdent, ObjectId, ObjectId, String)}.
 	 *
 	 * @param ref
 	 *            the ref to delete (hide) a reflog entry from.
 	 * @param updateIndex
 	 *            the update index that must be hidden.
 	 * @throws java.io.IOException
 	 *             if reftable cannot be written.
 	 */
 	public void deleteLog(String ref, long updateIndex) throws IOException {
 		beginLog();
 		logs.write(new DeleteLogEntry(ref, updateIndex));
 	}
 
 	private void beginLog() throws IOException {
 		if (logs == null) {
 			finishRefAndObjSections(); // close prior ref blocks and their index, if present.
 			out.flushFileHeader();
 			out.setBlockSize(logBlockSize);
 			logs = new Section(LOG_BLOCK_TYPE);
 		}
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Get an estimate of the current size in bytes of the reftable
 	 *
 	 * @return an estimate of the current size in bytes of the reftable, if it
 	 *         was finished right now. Estimate is only accurate if
 	 *         {@link org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.ReftableConfig#setIndexObjects(boolean)}
 	 *         is {@code false} and
 	 *         {@link org.eclipse.jgit.internal.storage.reftable.ReftableConfig#setMaxIndexLevels(int)}
 	 *         is {@code 1}.
 	 */
 	public long estimateTotalBytes() {
 		long bytes = out.size();
 		if (bytes == 0) {
 			bytes += FILE_HEADER_LEN;
 		}
 		if (cur != null) {
 			long curBlockPos = out.size();
 			int sz = cur.currentSize();
 			bytes += sz;
 
 			IndexBuilder idx = null;
 			if (cur.blockType() == REF_BLOCK_TYPE) {
 				idx = refs.idx;
 			} else if (cur.blockType() == LOG_BLOCK_TYPE) {
 				idx = logs.idx;
 			}
 			if (idx != null && shouldHaveIndex(idx)) {
 				if (idx == refs.idx) {
 					bytes += out.estimatePadBetweenBlocks(sz);
 				}
 				bytes += idx.estimateBytes(curBlockPos);
 			}
 		}
 		bytes += FILE_FOOTER_LEN;
 		return bytes;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Finish writing the reftable by writing its trailer.
 	 *
 	 * @return {@code this}
 	 * @throws java.io.IOException
 	 *             if reftable cannot be written.
 	 */
 	public ReftableWriter finish() throws IOException {
 		finishRefAndObjSections();
 		finishLogSection();
 		writeFileFooter();
 		out.finishFile();
 
 		stats = new Stats(this, out);
 		out = null;
 		obj2ref = null;
 		cur = null;
 		refs = null;
 		objs = null;
 		logs = null;
 		return this;
 	}
 
 	private void finishRefAndObjSections() throws IOException {
 		if (cur != null && cur.blockType() == REF_BLOCK_TYPE) {
 			refs.finishSectionMaybeWriteIndex();
 			if (indexObjects && !obj2ref.isEmpty() && refs.idx.bytes > 0) {
 				writeObjBlocks();
 			}
 			obj2ref = null;
 		}
 	}
 
 	private void writeObjBlocks() throws IOException {
 		List<RefList> sorted = sortById(obj2ref);
 		obj2ref = null;
 		objIdLen = shortestUniqueAbbreviation(sorted);
 
 		out.padBetweenBlocksToNextBlock();
 		objs = new Section(OBJ_BLOCK_TYPE);
 		objs.entryCnt = sorted.size();
 		for (RefList l : sorted) {
 			objs.write(new ObjEntry(objIdLen, l, l.blockPos));
 		}
 		objs.finishSectionMaybeWriteIndex();
 	}
 
 	private void finishLogSection() throws IOException {
 		if (cur != null && cur.blockType() == LOG_BLOCK_TYPE) {
 			logs.finishSectionMaybeWriteIndex();
 		}
 	}
 
 	private boolean shouldHaveIndex(IndexBuilder idx) {
 		int threshold;
 		if (idx == refs.idx && alignBlocks) {
 			threshold = 4;
 		} else {
 			threshold = 1;
 		}
 		return idx.entries.size() + (cur != null ? 1 : 0) > threshold;
 	}
 
 	private void writeFileHeader() {
 		byte[] hdr = new byte[FILE_HEADER_LEN];
 		encodeHeader(hdr);
 		out.write(hdr, 0, FILE_HEADER_LEN);
 	}
 
 	private void encodeHeader(byte[] hdr) {
 		System.arraycopy(FILE_HEADER_MAGIC, 0, hdr, 0, 4);
 		int bs = alignBlocks ? refBlockSize : 0;
 		NB.encodeInt32(hdr, 4, (VERSION_1 << 24) | bs);
 		NB.encodeInt64(hdr, 8, minUpdateIndex);
 		NB.encodeInt64(hdr, 16, maxUpdateIndex);
 	}
 
 	private void writeFileFooter() {
 		int ftrLen = FILE_FOOTER_LEN;
 		byte[] ftr = new byte[ftrLen];
 		encodeHeader(ftr);
 
 		NB.encodeInt64(ftr, 24, indexPosition(refs));
 		NB.encodeInt64(ftr, 32, (firstBlockPosition(objs) << 5) | objIdLen);
 		NB.encodeInt64(ftr, 40, indexPosition(objs));
 		NB.encodeInt64(ftr, 48, firstBlockPosition(logs));
 		NB.encodeInt64(ftr, 56, indexPosition(logs));
 
 		CRC32 crc = new CRC32();
 		crc.update(ftr, 0, ftrLen - 4);
 		NB.encodeInt32(ftr, ftrLen - 4, (int) crc.getValue());
 
 		out.write(ftr, 0, ftrLen);
 	}
 
 	private static long firstBlockPosition(@Nullable Section s) {
 		return s != null ? s.firstBlockPosition : 0;
 	}
 
 	private static long indexPosition(@Nullable Section s) {
 		return s != null && s.idx != null ? s.idx.rootPosition : 0;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Get statistics of the last written reftable.
 	 *
 	 * @return statistics of the last written reftable.
 	 */
 	public Stats getStats() {
 		return stats;
 	}
 
 	/** Statistics about a written reftable. */
 	public static class Stats {
 		private final int refBlockSize;
 		private final int logBlockSize;
 		private final int restartInterval;
 
 		private final long minUpdateIndex;
 		private final long maxUpdateIndex;
 
 		private final long refCnt;
 		private final long objCnt;
 		private final int objIdLen;
 		private final long logCnt;
 		private final long refBytes;
 		private final long objBytes;
 		private final long logBytes;
 		private final long paddingUsed;
 		private final long totalBytes;
 
 		private final int refIndexSize;
 		private final int refIndexLevels;
 		private final int objIndexSize;
 		private final int objIndexLevels;
 
 		Stats(ReftableWriter w, ReftableOutputStream o) {
 			refBlockSize = w.refBlockSize;
 			logBlockSize = w.logBlockSize;
 			restartInterval = w.restartInterval;
 
 			minUpdateIndex = w.minUpdateIndex;
 			maxUpdateIndex = w.maxUpdateIndex;
 			paddingUsed = o.paddingUsed();
 			totalBytes = o.size();
 
 			refCnt = w.refs.entryCnt;
 			refBytes = w.refs.bytes;
 
 			objCnt = w.objs != null ? w.objs.entryCnt : 0;
 			objBytes = w.objs != null ? w.objs.bytes : 0;
 			objIdLen = w.objIdLen;
 
 			logCnt = w.logs != null ? w.logs.entryCnt : 0;
 			logBytes = w.logs != null ? w.logs.bytes : 0;
 
 			IndexBuilder refIdx = w.refs.idx;
 			refIndexSize = refIdx.bytes;
 			refIndexLevels = refIdx.levels;
 
 			IndexBuilder objIdx = w.objs != null ? w.objs.idx : null;
 			objIndexSize = objIdx != null ? objIdx.bytes : 0;
 			objIndexLevels = objIdx != null ? objIdx.levels : 0;
 		}
 
 		/** @return number of bytes in a ref block. */
 		public int refBlockSize() {
 			return refBlockSize;
 		}
 
 		/** @return number of bytes to compress into a log block. */
 		public int logBlockSize() {
 			return logBlockSize;
 		}
 
 		/** @return number of references between binary search markers. */
 		public int restartInterval() {
 			return restartInterval;
 		}
 
 		/** @return smallest update index contained in this reftable. */
 		public long minUpdateIndex() {
 			return minUpdateIndex;
 		}
 
 		/** @return largest update index contained in this reftable. */
 		public long maxUpdateIndex() {
 			return maxUpdateIndex;
 		}
 
 		/** @return total number of references in the reftable. */
 		public long refCount() {
 			return refCnt;
 		}
 
 		/** @return number of unique objects in the reftable. */
 		public long objCount() {
 			return objCnt;
 		}
 
 		/** @return total number of log records in the reftable. */
 		public long logCount() {
 			return logCnt;
 		}
 
 		/** @return number of bytes for references, including ref index. */
 		public long refBytes() {
 			return refBytes;
 		}
 
 		/** @return number of bytes for objects, including object index. */
 		public long objBytes() {
 			return objBytes;
 		}
 
 		/** @return number of bytes for log, including log index. */
 		public long logBytes() {
 			return logBytes;
 		}
 
 		/** @return total number of bytes in the reftable. */
 		public long totalBytes() {
 			return totalBytes;
 		}
 
 		/** @return bytes of padding used to maintain block alignment. */
 		public long paddingBytes() {
 			return paddingUsed;
 		}
 
 		/** @return number of bytes in the ref index; 0 if no index was used. */
 		public int refIndexSize() {
 			return refIndexSize;
 		}
 
 		/** @return number of levels in the ref index. */
 		public int refIndexLevels() {
 			return refIndexLevels;
 		}
 
 		/** @return number of bytes in the object index; 0 if no index. */
 		public int objIndexSize() {
 			return objIndexSize;
 		}
 
 		/** @return number of levels in the object index. */
 		public int objIndexLevels() {
 			return objIndexLevels;
 		}
 
 		/**
 		 * @return number of bytes required to uniquely identify all objects in
 		 *         the reftable. Unique abbreviations in hex would be
 		 *         {@code 2 * objIdLength()}.
 		 */
 		public int objIdLength() {
 			return objIdLen;
 		}
 	}
 
 	private static List<RefList> sortById(ObjectIdSubclassMap<RefList> m) {
 		List<RefList> s = new ArrayList<>(m.size());
 		for (RefList l : m) {
 			s.add(l);
 		}
 		Collections.sort(s);
 		return s;
 	}
 
 	private static int shortestUniqueAbbreviation(List<RefList> in) {
 		// Estimate minimum number of bytes necessary for unique abbreviations.
 		int bytes = Math.max(2, (int) (log(in.size()) / log(8)));
 		Set<AbbreviatedObjectId> tmp = new HashSet<>((int) (in.size() * 0.75f));
 		retry: for (;;) {
 			int hexLen = bytes * 2;
 			for (ObjectId id : in) {
 				AbbreviatedObjectId a = id.abbreviate(hexLen);
 				if (!tmp.add(a)) {
 					if (++bytes >= OBJECT_ID_LENGTH) {
 						return OBJECT_ID_LENGTH;
 					}
 					tmp.clear();
 					continue retry;
 				}
 			}
 			return bytes;
 		}
 	}
 
 	private static class RefList extends ObjectIdOwnerMap.Entry {
 		final LongListList.html#LongList">LongList blockPos = new LongList(2);
 
 		RefList(AnyObjectId id) {
 			super(id);
 		}
 
 		void addBlock(long pos) {
 			if (!blockPos.contains(pos)) {
 				blockPos.add(pos);
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	private class Section {
 		final IndexBuilder idx;
 		final long firstBlockPosition;
 
 		long entryCnt;
 		long bytes;
 
 		Section(byte keyType) {
 			idx = new IndexBuilder(keyType);
 			firstBlockPosition = out.size();
 		}
 
 		long write(BlockWriter.Entry entry) throws IOException {
 			if (cur == null) {
 				beginBlock(entry);
 			} else if (!cur.tryAdd(entry)) {
 				flushCurBlock();
 				if (cur.padBetweenBlocks()) {
 					out.padBetweenBlocksToNextBlock();
 				}
 				beginBlock(entry);
 			}
 			entryCnt++;
 			return out.size();
 		}
 
 		private void beginBlock(BlockWriter.Entry entry)
 				throws BlockSizeTooSmallException {
 			byte blockType = entry.blockType();
 			int bs = out.bytesAvailableInBlock();
 			cur = new BlockWriter(blockType, idx.keyType, bs, restartInterval);
 			cur.mustAdd(entry);
 		}
 
 		void flushCurBlock() throws IOException {
 			idx.entries.add(new IndexEntry(cur.lastKey(), out.size()));
 			cur.writeTo(out);
 		}
 
 		void finishSectionMaybeWriteIndex() throws IOException {
 			flushCurBlock();
 			cur = null;
 			if (shouldHaveIndex(idx)) {
 				idx.writeIndex();
 			}
 			bytes = out.size() - firstBlockPosition;
 		}
 	}
 
 	private class IndexBuilder {
 		final byte keyType;
 		List<IndexEntry> entries = new ArrayList<>();
 		long rootPosition;
 		int bytes;
 		int levels;
 
 		IndexBuilder(byte kt) {
 			keyType = kt;
 		}
 
 		int estimateBytes(long curBlockPos) {
 			BlockWriter b = new BlockWriter(
 					INDEX_BLOCK_TYPE, keyType,
 					MAX_BLOCK_SIZE,
 					Math.max(restartInterval, entries.size() / MAX_RESTARTS));
 			try {
 				for (Entry e : entries) {
 					b.mustAdd(e);
 				}
 				if (cur != null) {
 					b.mustAdd(new IndexEntry(cur.lastKey(), curBlockPos));
 				}
 			} catch (BlockSizeTooSmallException e) {
 				return b.currentSize();
 			}
 			return b.currentSize();
 		}
 
 		void writeIndex() throws IOException {
 			if (padBetweenBlocks(keyType)) {
 				out.padBetweenBlocksToNextBlock();
 			}
 			long startPos = out.size();
 			writeMultiLevelIndex(entries);
 			bytes = (int) (out.size() - startPos);
 			entries = null;
 		}
 
 		private void writeMultiLevelIndex(List<IndexEntry> keys)
 				throws IOException {
 			levels = 1;
 			while (maxIndexLevels == 0 || levels < maxIndexLevels) {
 				keys = writeOneLevel(keys);
 				if (keys == null) {
 					return;
 				}
 				levels++;
 			}
 
 			// When maxIndexLevels has restricted the writer, write one
 			// index block with the entire remaining set of keys.
 			BlockWriter b = new BlockWriter(
 					INDEX_BLOCK_TYPE, keyType,
 					MAX_BLOCK_SIZE,
 					Math.max(restartInterval, keys.size() / MAX_RESTARTS));
 			for (Entry e : keys) {
 				b.mustAdd(e);
 			}
 			rootPosition = out.size();
 			b.writeTo(out);
 		}
 
 		private List<IndexEntry> writeOneLevel(List<IndexEntry> keys)
 				throws IOException {
 			Section thisLevel = new Section(keyType);
 			for (Entry e : keys) {
 				thisLevel.write(e);
 			}
 			if (!thisLevel.idx.entries.isEmpty()) {
 				thisLevel.flushCurBlock();
 				if (cur.padBetweenBlocks()) {
 					out.padBetweenBlocksToNextBlock();
 				}
 				cur = null;
 				return thisLevel.idx.entries;
 			}
 
 			// The current block fit entire level; make it the root.
 			rootPosition = out.size();
 			cur.writeTo(out);
 			cur = null;
 			return null;
 		}
 	}
 }